A family of solutions that brings Google Cloud infrastructure and services (GKE, among others) to your own data centers, edge sites, or disconnected environments. It has connected (managed from Google Cloud) and air-gapped (fully isolated) variants. Together with GKE Multi-Cloud, it absorbed what used to be Anthos (later GKE Enterprise).
In CDL it is the answer for hybrid and edge scenarios: factories or stores that need very low latency or cannot depend on the internet, or data that must stay on premises for regulatory reasons. To manage clusters on AWS or Azure, GKE Multi-Cloud is used.
Google Distributed Cloud is a concept that can show up on the exam. Check the full guide to see it in context.